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- %SUMMARY
- %- ABSTRACT
- %- INTRODUCTION
- %# BASICS
- %- \acs{DNA} STRUCTURE
- %- DATA TYPES
- % - BAM/FASTQ
- % - NON STANDARD
- %- COMPRESSION APPROACHES
- % - SAVING DIFFERENCES WITH GIVEN BASE \acs{DNA}
- % - HUFFMAN ENCODING
- % - PROBABILITY APPROACHES (WITH BASE?)
- %
- %# COMPARING TOOLS
- %-
- %# POSSIBLE IMPROVEMENT
- %- \acs{DNA}S STOCHASTICAL ATTRIBUTES
- %- IMPACT ON COMPRESSION
- \chapter{Structure Of Biological Data}
- To strengthen the understanding how and where biological information is stored, this section starts with a quick and general rundown on the structure of any living organism.
- % todo add picture
- All living organisms, like plants and animals, are made of cells (a human body can consist out of several trillion cells).
- % human body estimated 3.72 x 10^13 cells https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.3109/03014460.2013.807878
- A cell in itsel is a living organism, the smalles one possible. A cell got two layers, the inner one is called nucleus wich contains chromosomes. The chromosomes hold the genetic information in form of \acs{DNA}.
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- \section{DNA}
- \ac{DNA} is often seen in the form of a double helix. A double helix consists, as the name suggestes, of two single helix. Each of them consists of two main components: the Suggar Phosphat backbone, which is irelavant for this Paper and the Bases. The arrangement of Bases represents the Information stored in the \acs{DNA}. A base is an organic molecule, they are called Nucleotides. %Nucleotides have special attributes and influence other Nucleotides in the \acs{DNA} Sequence
- % describe Genomes?
- \section{Nucleotides}
- For this paper, nucleotides are the most important parts of the \acs{DNA}. A Nucleotide can have one of four forms: it can be either adenine, thymine, guanine or cytosine. Each of them got a Counterpart on the helix, to be more explicit: adenine can only bond with thymine, guanine can only bond with cytosine. This means with the content of one helix, the other one can be determined by ``inverting'' the first. The counterpart for e.g.: adenine, guanine, adenine would be: thymine, cytosine, thymine. For the sake of simplicity, one does not write out the full name of each nucleotide but only use its initial: AGA in one Helix, TCT in the other.
- % it there is only one section -> remove it or move everything into introduction
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